Likewise, Henry became understandably angry at the papacys refusal to repudiate Charles. Her son Arthur joined them, dying young, probably in the sweating sickness epidemic of 1528. The trial of Sir Thomas More for treason opened in Westminster Hall on July 1, 1535. If he had trusted her once, he no longer did so. Best Known For: Thomas More is known for his 1516 book . The countess was to look after the little girls health and diet, ensure that she did not wear herself out in learning French and Latin, and see that her immediate environment was kept spotless, so that everything about her be pure, sweet, clean and wholesome, as to so great a princess doth appertain. Montagu, Exeter, and Margaret were arrested in November 1538. Those two could only get along for short while before things got heated. On 27th May, in 1541 Margaret Pole, niece of Richard III and Edward IV, was executed at the command of Henry VIII. [27] She is commemorated in the dedication of the Church of Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessed Margaret Pole in Southbourne, Bournemouth.[28]. The governors of Lincoln admired him enough to appoint him lecturer on law for three consecutive years. According to some stories, which are not accepted by many historians, she refused to lay her head on the block, and guards had to force her to kneel. Margaret, wife of Sir William Harington. When Prince Arthur held court in Ludlow with the 15-year-old Catherine of Aragon, Richard Pole was with him, and a friendship began between the bride and the chamberlains wife which was to outlast Catherines life and have deep and lasting consequences for Margaret Pole. He would arrive unbidden, to either eat with the family or walk in the garden with More, his arm slung casually about Mores shoulders. Robert Bolt, A Man for All Seasons: A Play in Two Acts. Ultimately, they would both become martyrs of their faith (though this show is not likely . [10], When Mary was declared a bastard in 1533, Margaret refused to give Mary's gold plate and jewels back to Henry. In Utopia, he identified himself as a citizen of London, and it was in London that he was born on 7 February 1477, the only surviving son of John More and his first wife, Agnes Graunger. His spirits were high when visited by family and friends, though they were only permitted to see him if they took the Oath which he had refused. Family solidarity, the code of survival, did not mean much to Reginald, brought up under an alien roof; if he were to lose his earthly family, he said, he would still have the fellowship of the saints in paradise. geralmente . Jone Johnson Lewis is a women's history writer who has been involved with the women's movement since the late 1960s. The kings mother, Margaret Beaufort, was protective of young brides; her own body had been wrecked by a pregnancy at 13. Under interrogation, Geoffrey said that his eldest brother, Lord Montagu, and the Marquess had been parties to his correspondence with Reginald. Henry VIII helped provide good marriages or religious offices for Margarets sons, and a good marriage for her daughter as well. But to Mores credit, he made an impassioned plea for greater freedom of speech in parliament. But with him away from court there were outside influences on their relationship that neither brother could see coming. Her son Reginald described himself afterwards as son of a martyr and in 1886, Pope Leo XIII had Margaret Pole beatified as a martyr. (Edward would have had a better right to the throne as son of Richards older brother.) For highlights from the latest issue, our archive and the blog, as well as news, events and exclusive promotions. Margaret kept silent on the matter. Shortly thereafter, (probably in November 1487) Henry VII gave Margaret in marriage to his cousin, Sir Richard Pole, whose mother was a half-sister of the king's mother, Margaret Beaufort. He was Dean of Exeter and Wimborne Minster, Dorset, as well as a canon of York. Bishop of Rochester, and Sir Thomas More, once Chancellor of England and a close royal friend, had both . When Margaret was only four years old, her father was killed in the Tower of London where he was imprisoned for rebelling again against his brother, Edward IV; rumor was that he was drowned in a butt of Malmsey wine. The nun sought out eminent supporters, especially those who, like Margaret and like Gertrudes husband, had a claim to the throne, and pressed on them the contents of her visions: unless he went back to his wife and to Rome, Henry would expire in torments. Here is an excerpt from Chapter 7, "Unheard-Of Cruelty", describing the trial and execution of Sir Thomas More. And as his own reputation grew in London, he attracted the notice of the all-powerful Cardinal Wolsey. Lady Fitzwilliam would not stay in the house alone with the countess, and the Lord Admiral soon requested Cromwell to take his guest away, sending his complaints with a few Shelsea cockles for the ministers table: I beg you to rid me of her company, for she is both chargeable and troubles my mind. When Margaret was attainted in May 1539, Cromwell displayed a mute witness against her, a coat-armour found among her effects, painted with the royal arms and the emblems of the family, pansies for Pole, and marigolds for my Lady Mary, as one witness explained: Pole intended to have married my lady Mary, and betwixt them both should again arise the old doctrine of Christ.. He waited five days before being summoned to the scaffold on Tower Hill. Based in North Carolina, Higginbotham is a lawyer by background and has written several historical novels, spanning different eras. Looking to her last end, Margaret commissioned a chantry at Christchurch Priory. Eleanor was related through marriage to Lady Margaret Beaufort's extended family.) Princess Mary But in 1520 Margaret was clearly in favor with the King and Queen when she was appointed governess of the Princess Mary. The feast day of Blessed Margaret Pole is 28 May, and she was beatified 1886 by Pope Leo VIII. She would have been a widow when the portrait was painted, but she holds a sprig of honeysuckle, symbol of love and marriage. Margaret Pole was restored to a position as lady-in-waiting, which helped her financial situation. . Mores letters indicate that he was not particularly keen to enter royal service. For at least five years, Montagu, Exeter and others had been passing information to the emperor through his ambassador, urging the invasion of England, and Reginald himself had assured the readers of his 1536 letter that a host of disaffected subjects were lurking within the realm, ready to support the invaders against Henry as soon as foreign troops landed. (Scientists aren't absolutely sure that people register no pain when the head is removed or that they lose consciousness instantaneously.) See me safe up, he told the lieutenant who escorted him, and for my coming down let me shift for myself.. She was cousin to Henry VIII's mother, and well trusted by the king for years. He was even more aware than the king of Mores popular appeal; and this was to Mores detriment for it meant that his refusal to publicly support the king was not something that could be forgiven or forgotten. Margaret's mother died when she was three; her father had two servants killed when he thought they had poisoned her. 83 ratings9 reviews. If you use any of the content on this page in your own work, please use the code below to cite this page as the source of the content. [9] Her youngest son, Geoffrey Pole, married well to Constance, daughter of Edmund Pakenham, and inherited the estate of Lordington in Sussex. But Margaret herself was an ornament to Henry. He is an English lawyer, eventually promoted to Chancellor and assistant to the King after Wolsey 's death. It took many blows to finally kill her and this botched execution was itself remembered and, for some, considered a sign of martyrdom. Known for:Her family connections to wealth and power, which at some times of her life meant she wielded wealth and power, and at other times meant she was subject to great risks during great controversies. She served later as a governess to Mary. Columbus, Ohio Area. Joan, wife of John Langton. Chapuys also communicated with Reginald through his brother, Geoffrey. She had a small estate of land, inherited from her husband, but no other income and no prospects. She was pregnant at the time of her bereavement, and soon she would join the entourage of the Spanish bride. One does not have to share his religious convictions to appreciate his inner strength and noble character. Annes personal religious feeling was unimportant. Margaret was superfluous; curtly, Henry wrote her off as a fool. But Lord Montagu attended Annes coronation as he would later attend her trial. The pilgrimage was an effort to organize a march on London to install a conservative Catholic government instead of Henry's increasingly Protestant-leaning one. He lived in relative poverty, for he held no office and relied solely upon the hundred pounds per annum he collected from a property rental. He wore many hats: chief diplomat, speechwriter, advisor. Despite such evidence of royal favor, it is likely that More chafed at his service to the king. And her gender did not necessarily disqualify her from becoming leader of the opposition if that was what she chose. Biography of Anne Neville, Wife and Queen of Richard III of England, Biography of Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England, Biography of Margaret of Anjou, Henry VI's Queen, Famous Mothers in History: Ancient Through Modern, M.Div., Meadville/Lombard Theological School, Father: George, Duke of Clarence, brother of king Edward IV and of Richard, Duke of Gloucester (later Richard III), Note: Cecily Neville, Margarets paternal grandmother, was a paternal aunt of Margarets maternal grandfather, Richard Neville. And his old friend, the duke of Norfolk, took care to warn him of his danger, Indignatio principis mors est. To which More famously replied, Is that all, my lord? Margaret is the main character of Samantha Wilcoxson's 2016 novel, Dwyer, J.G. He blindfolded himself and exhorted the assembled crowd to witness his end in the faith and for the faith of the Catholic Church, the kings good servant but Gods first. Even Mores Protestant enemies did not believe him a traitor; his death was almost universally held to be nothing less than martyrdom. Margaret was one of just two women in 16th-century England to be a peeress in her own right (suo jure) without a husband in the House of Lords. More was not a man to be broken by prison, but he suffered physically. Reginald was the most interesting and talented of Margarets children, and the one to whom she was not close. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618. There was a feeling in England that a new era had begun. As the heir to the throne, Mary enjoyed a separate household, and in 1525 she was sent to Ludlow to hold court. After Henry VIII and then his son Edward VI had died, and Mary I was queen, with the intention to restore England to Roman authority, Reginald Pole was appointed papal legate to England by the Pope. When her husband died in 1505, Margaret became a widow with five children. Born 14 August 1473, Margaret was one of the few Plantagenets who had survived the Wars of the Roses She was the mother of . If, however, the subject lives a life of great extravagance, tell him he, too, can afford to give largely, the proof of his opulence being evident in his expenditure.. In 1485, he was defeated and killed at the Battle of Bosworth by Henry Tudor, who succeeded him as Henry VII. But they have never been proven, and in fact they seem pretty far fetched. In 1504, More was elected to Parliament and one of his first acts was to oppose Henry VIIs request of a grant of three-fifteenths. It was also due to Henrys deep and unfeigned friendship with More. She held a noble title in her own right, and controlled great wealth, after she was restored to favor during the reign of Henry VIII but she became embroiled in the religious controversy over his split with Rome and was executed on Henrys orders. Henry VII also decided, about that time, to marry the 15-year-old Margaret to his half-cousin, Sir Richard Pole. Certainly Henry wanted Mores support. Margaret if it is she wears coral and ermine. Pierces book is thorough and scholarly, and her work is acknowledged in Higginbothams biography, which is less detailed, but serious and judicious. They married less than a month after Jane Colts death and More had to seek special dispensation from the church. Higginbothams narrative begins with this bungled beheading so either the jacket designer was in the dark about the contents, or someone at her publisher has a mordant sense of humour. By 1520, as an indication of the trust placed in her, she had been appointed lady governor to the Princess Mary, born in 1516 and the only child of the royal marriage to survive for more than a few weeks. But in the meantime, More had eighteen months of seclusion and study at his home in Chelsea. A Yorkist pretender had been crowned in Dublin, a child who claimed to be the Plantagenet heir, Edward, Earl of Warwick, Margarets 12-year-old brother. Soon, young Edward, a potential York claimant to the throne, was moved to the Tower of London. She, her grandson, Henry (son of her own son Henry), and Exeter's son were held together and supported by the king. Her second son, Arthur Pole, had a generally successful career as a courtier, becoming one of the six Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber. Her thoughts, her motives, are so hidden, either by her inclination or by the work of time, that it is difficult for the most diligent biographer to put her together and make her walk and talk. So yes, the Pole family were cousins to de la Pole family. [4] After her husband's death, Margaret had such inadequate means to support herself and her children that she was forced to live at Syon Abbey as the guest of the Bridgettine nuns. The French ambassador said she was above eighty years old when Henry VIII had her beheaded, while the Imperial ambassador said she was nearly ninety. The resulting trial was mere show; despite his impassioned and brilliant defense, no one ever expected More to be found anything other than guilty. Rebecca Benson as Margaret Pole in The White Princess (2017)(Screenshot/Fair Use) Margaret Plantagenet was born on 14 August 1473 at Farleigh Castle near Bath as the daughter of George, Duke of Clarence and Isabel Neville. Of the many executions ordered by Henry VIII, surely the most horrifying was that of sixty-seven-year-old Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, hacked to pieces on the scaffold by a blundering headsman. On 1 July 1535, he was indicted on high treason. 3. More suffered a sharp chest pain, possibly angina, and begged the king to release him from his duties. Margaret was 14, and probably remained at court rather than living with her husband. Marys food, Henry ordered, was to be served with joyous and merry communication. On the scaffold, Margaret prayed for the royal family all except Anne Boleyns daughter, Elizabeth, whom she regarded as illegitimate. Her father, Duke of Clarence and brother to Edward IV, switched sides several times during that long family battle over the crown of England. In total, Margaret and Richard Pole had five children together: Henry, Arthur, Ursula, Reginald and Geoffrey. Both men were enthusiastic Humanist scholars, but they parted ways with regard to the kings prerogative. Margaret was born into the England of the Wars of the Roses and was the daughter of George, Duke of Clarence, one of Edward IV 's younger brothers and was of the House of York. She was more likely arrested simply because of her maternal connection to Henry and Reginald, her sons, and perhaps the symbolism of her family heritage, the last of the Plantagenets. Only when Fitzwilliam called Reginald a whoreson did she object, saying with a wonderful sorrowful countenance that he was no whoreson, for she was both a good woman and true. When Reginald, lying abroad, heard of her death, he announced to his secretary that he was now the son of a martyr. That was the beginning of Thomas Mores public career, and it was a telling one. It is meant to contrast with the reality of European rule, divided by ideologies and greed and self-interest. The Bishop of Rochester John Fisher is executed on the same charge. It is only in adversity that Margaret shows herself, in the records of her interrogations, when she was a woman in her sixties, experienced, shrewd, hard to frighten. The entourage of the Spanish bride was not a Man to be nothing than... 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thomas more and margaret pole relationship